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Bishop Smith CHS
Media Literacy

According to MediaSmarts, a Canadian not-for-profit media literacy organization, media literacy is the ability to critically, effectively and responsibly access, use, under-stand and engage with media. Advertisements, blogs, infographics, music, newsfeeds, newspapers, podcasts, social media networks, streaming services, television, videos, etc. have a strong influence on how we see and interact with the world.  

At Bishop Smith Catholic High School, we are prepared to teach students how to fact check and recognize authority and purpose in media.

CRAAP Test

The CRAAP Test can be used to evaluate print and digital information sources. CRAAP is an acronym for Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose. When conducting research it is important to determine the reliability and ‘ credibility ‘ of information sources. For each CRAAP Test criterion, researchers answer a series of questions. Note: the linked CRAAP Test graphic was prepared by the University of California San Diego Library.

Fact Checking

Fact checking is the process of verifying the accuracy of information. It is an important part of the research process. Fact checking can be done by cross-referencing, using a fact-checking tool, or by performing a reverse Google Image search. Cross-referencing involves locating the same information via multiple sources. If three or more credible sources provide identical content, confidence in the accuracy of information improves.

Fact checking websites can be used to determine if a story is fact or fiction. Users enter key words, headlines or image descriptors in a fact checking site’s search field.

Fact checking websites:


Note:  The above fact checking sites have limitations. They are not definitive. If you would like to use a different fact checking website, make sure it adheres to the International Fact-Checking Network’s Code of Principles.

Google Reverse Image Search

You can use Google Image to perform a reverse image search to verify digital content. It is important to remember that images are regularly copied and manipulated across the Internet. An image’s authenticity can be checked by uploading the image to Google Image or by pasting the image’s URL address in the Google Image search field. Results will reveal if the image been used before, if the image has been used by a questionable or unreliable source or if the image has been image been altered?

Note:  If Google Image does not find a match, it does not mean that the image is not on the web. The Internet has content that is only accessible if a user registers or logs in to a specific website. These include internal company networks (e.g. RCCDSB), non-public social media pages (e.g. Facebook) and subscription databases (e.g. EBSCO). This is known as the deep web. The Internet also has hidden content in an area known as the dark web.  The dark web is not accessible by common browsers like Google Chrome and Microsoft Edge.

Reputable News

Students are encouraged to consult reputable news sources. Reputable news sources disclose conflicts of interest, aim to minimize bias, mark opinion pieces as opinion, clearly identify and verify their information sources, and adhere to a journalism code of ethics. The Canadian Association of Journalists has prepared guidelines for both new and seasoned journalists.

Reputable news websites:

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